TY - JOUR
T1 - A laboratory-based analysis of nontuberculous mycobacterial lung disease in Japan from 2012 to 2013
AU - Morimoto, Kozo
AU - Hasegawa, Naoki
AU - Izumi, Kiyohiko
AU - Namkoong, Ho
AU - Uchimura, Kazuhiro
AU - Yoshiyama, Takashi
AU - Hoshino, Yoshihiko
AU - Kurashima, Atsuyuki
AU - Sokunaga, Jun
AU - Shibuya, Shunsuke
AU - Shimojima, Masahiro
AU - Ato, Manabu
AU - Mitarai, Satoshi
N1 - Funding Information:
Supported by the Emerging/Re-emerging Infectious Diseases Project of the Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development (AMED; 15fk0108022h0102).
Publisher Copyright:
Copyright © 2017 by the American Thoracic Society.
PY - 2017/1
Y1 - 2017/1
N2 - Rationale: Since 2010, mycobacterial examination results have been used widely to survey nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) lung disease. Objectives: To reveal the clinical and epidemiological status of NTM lung disease in Japan. Methods: All data on the isolation and identification of mycobacteria in 2012 and 2013 were obtained from three dominant commercial laboratories in Japan. Pulmonary NTM disease was defined on the basis of bacteriological diagnostic criteria issued by the American Thoracic Society/Infectious Diseases Society of America. The coverage population was estimated using the ratio between national tuberculosis registration data and laboratory results for each of the eight regions of Japan. Measurements and Main Results: A total of 113,313 mycobacterial specimens from 4,710 institutes were collected, and specimens from26,059 patients tested positive forNTMcultures at least once. Among patients with positive cultures, 7,167 (27.5%) satisfied the American Thoracic Society/Infectious Diseases Society of America criteria forNTMlung disease, resulting in a 2-year prevalence rate of 24.0 per 100,000. Mycobacterium avium complex (MAC) was themost commonly isolated species (93.3%), and 29.0%of the patients from whom MAC was isolated satisfied the criteria for NTM lung disease. Individuals older than 70 years of age accounted for the majority of cases, and 65.5% of cases involved females. After MAC, Mycobacterium kansasii and Mycobacterium abscessus exhibited the highest (43.6%) and second-highest (37.1%) incidence per isolation, respectively. The prevalence of M. kansasii was highest in the Kinki region (P<0.05), and M. abscessus had the greatestprevalence in the Kyushu-Okinawa region (P<0.005). The proportion of Mycobacterium intracellulare inMAC cases was higher in the southwesternpart of Japan thaninother regions.Theperiod prevalence was highest in the southwestern part of Japan, and the standardized prevalence ratio was highest in central regions. Evaluations of clarithromycin susceptibility revealed a clear binomial distribution. Conclusions: This investigation is the first laboratory-based study in which a large number of NTM isolated from clinical samples in Japan have been assessed. Although the calculated prevalence of NTM disease might be underestimated, the approach may prove useful for monitoring relative epidemiological data for NTM lung disease.
AB - Rationale: Since 2010, mycobacterial examination results have been used widely to survey nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) lung disease. Objectives: To reveal the clinical and epidemiological status of NTM lung disease in Japan. Methods: All data on the isolation and identification of mycobacteria in 2012 and 2013 were obtained from three dominant commercial laboratories in Japan. Pulmonary NTM disease was defined on the basis of bacteriological diagnostic criteria issued by the American Thoracic Society/Infectious Diseases Society of America. The coverage population was estimated using the ratio between national tuberculosis registration data and laboratory results for each of the eight regions of Japan. Measurements and Main Results: A total of 113,313 mycobacterial specimens from 4,710 institutes were collected, and specimens from26,059 patients tested positive forNTMcultures at least once. Among patients with positive cultures, 7,167 (27.5%) satisfied the American Thoracic Society/Infectious Diseases Society of America criteria forNTMlung disease, resulting in a 2-year prevalence rate of 24.0 per 100,000. Mycobacterium avium complex (MAC) was themost commonly isolated species (93.3%), and 29.0%of the patients from whom MAC was isolated satisfied the criteria for NTM lung disease. Individuals older than 70 years of age accounted for the majority of cases, and 65.5% of cases involved females. After MAC, Mycobacterium kansasii and Mycobacterium abscessus exhibited the highest (43.6%) and second-highest (37.1%) incidence per isolation, respectively. The prevalence of M. kansasii was highest in the Kinki region (P<0.05), and M. abscessus had the greatestprevalence in the Kyushu-Okinawa region (P<0.005). The proportion of Mycobacterium intracellulare inMAC cases was higher in the southwesternpart of Japan thaninother regions.Theperiod prevalence was highest in the southwestern part of Japan, and the standardized prevalence ratio was highest in central regions. Evaluations of clarithromycin susceptibility revealed a clear binomial distribution. Conclusions: This investigation is the first laboratory-based study in which a large number of NTM isolated from clinical samples in Japan have been assessed. Although the calculated prevalence of NTM disease might be underestimated, the approach may prove useful for monitoring relative epidemiological data for NTM lung disease.
KW - Clarithromycin
KW - Epidemiology
KW - Nontuberculous mycobacteriosis
KW - Prevalence
KW - Regional differences
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U2 - 10.1513/AnnalsATS.201607-573OC
DO - 10.1513/AnnalsATS.201607-573OC
M3 - Article
C2 - 27788025
AN - SCOPUS:85008392723
SN - 2325-6621
VL - 14
SP - 49
EP - 56
JO - Annals of the American Thoracic Society
JF - Annals of the American Thoracic Society
IS - 1
ER -
