TY - JOUR
T1 - A prospective trial of vaccine to prevent hepatitis B virus reactivation after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation
AU - Nishikawa, Koji
AU - Kimura, Kiminori
AU - Kanda, Yoshinobu
AU - Sugiyama, Masaya
AU - Kakihana, Kazuhiko
AU - Doki, Noriko
AU - Ohashi, Kazuteru
AU - Bae, Sung Kwan
AU - Takahashi, Kazuhiro
AU - Ishihara, Yuko
AU - Mizuno, Ishikazu
AU - Onishi, Yasushi
AU - Onozawa, Masahiro
AU - Onizuka, Makoto
AU - Yamamoto, Masahide
AU - Ishikawa, Tetsuya
AU - Inoue, Kazuaki
AU - Kusumoto, Shigeru
AU - Hashino, Satoshi
AU - Saito, Hidetsugu
AU - Kanto, Tatsuya
AU - Sakamaki, Hisashi
AU - Mizokami, Masashi
N1 - Funding Information:
Funding This work was supported by a grant from the Research Program on Hepatitis (18fk0210035h0001) from the Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2020, The Author(s).
PY - 2020/7/1
Y1 - 2020/7/1
N2 - Hepatitis B virus (HBV) reactivation reportedly occurs frequently after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) in resolved HBV-infected patients. Here, 50 patients with resolved HBV infections and scheduled to undergo HSCT were enrolled; all subjects were vaccinated with three doses of hepatitis B vaccine 12 months after HSCT and the incidence of HBV reactivation was monitored. The patients’ characteristics were: median age, 61 (34–72) years; male/female, 27/19; allogeneic/autologous, 40/6; bone marrow/peripheral blood stem cells/cord blood, 26/16/4. Of the 46 patients who underwent HSCT, 19 were excluded and did not make it to vaccination due to relapse of underlying disease, HBV reactivation within 12 months of HSCT, or transfer of patients. The remaining 27 were vaccinated 12 months after HSCT and monitored for 2 years. Six showed HBV reactivation, with a 2-year cumulative reactivation incidence of 22.2%; the same incidence was 27.3% only in allogeneic HSCT patients. Factors associated with HBV reactivation included the discontinuation of immunosuppressants (P = 0.0379) and baseline titers of antibody against hepatitis B surface antigen (P = 0.004). HBV reactivation with vaccination following HSCT could occur despite maintenance of serum anti-HBs at more than protective levels.
AB - Hepatitis B virus (HBV) reactivation reportedly occurs frequently after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) in resolved HBV-infected patients. Here, 50 patients with resolved HBV infections and scheduled to undergo HSCT were enrolled; all subjects were vaccinated with three doses of hepatitis B vaccine 12 months after HSCT and the incidence of HBV reactivation was monitored. The patients’ characteristics were: median age, 61 (34–72) years; male/female, 27/19; allogeneic/autologous, 40/6; bone marrow/peripheral blood stem cells/cord blood, 26/16/4. Of the 46 patients who underwent HSCT, 19 were excluded and did not make it to vaccination due to relapse of underlying disease, HBV reactivation within 12 months of HSCT, or transfer of patients. The remaining 27 were vaccinated 12 months after HSCT and monitored for 2 years. Six showed HBV reactivation, with a 2-year cumulative reactivation incidence of 22.2%; the same incidence was 27.3% only in allogeneic HSCT patients. Factors associated with HBV reactivation included the discontinuation of immunosuppressants (P = 0.0379) and baseline titers of antibody against hepatitis B surface antigen (P = 0.004). HBV reactivation with vaccination following HSCT could occur despite maintenance of serum anti-HBs at more than protective levels.
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U2 - 10.1038/s41409-020-0833-5
DO - 10.1038/s41409-020-0833-5
M3 - Article
C2 - 32071416
AN - SCOPUS:85079724122
SN - 0268-3369
VL - 55
SP - 1388
EP - 1398
JO - Bone Marrow Transplantation
JF - Bone Marrow Transplantation
IS - 7
ER -
