TY - JOUR
T1 - Annealing and saponification of electrospun cellulose-acetate nanofibers used as reinforcement materials for composites
AU - Inukai, Shunya
AU - Kurokawa, Naruki
AU - Hotta, Atsushi
N1 - Funding Information:
This work was supported in part by a Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (A) and by a Fund for the Promotion of Joint International Research (Fostering Joint International Research) from the Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (JSPS: “KAKENHI”) (No. 15H02298 and No. 15KK0244, respectively to A.H.) and by MEXT Grant-in-Aid for the Program for Leading Graduate Schools (N.K.). A.H. is grateful to Prof. Glenn H. Fredrickson from the University of California, Santa Barbara for offering stimulating suggestions and encouragements.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2018 Elsevier Ltd
PY - 2018/10
Y1 - 2018/10
N2 - To enhance the mechanical properties of regenerated cellulose nanofibers (RC-NF), the annealing and the saponification of electrospun cellulose-acetate nanofibers (CA-NF) have been investigated. It was found that, by increasing the annealing time of CA-NF at 50 °C from 0 to 12 h, the crystallinity of RC-NF increased from 37% to 41%, which became constant after 12 h. By applying the theory proposed by Tsai, the Young's modulus of RC-NF was found to increase from 9.0 to 28.0 GPa by increasing the annealing time from 0 to 12 h, which also became constant after 12 h. The optimized annealing time for the maximum crystallinity and Young's modulus became shorter by increasing the annealing temperature, indicating that the crystallinity and the Young's modulus of RC-NF were strongly correlated. Eventually, the Young's modulus of RC-NF/PVA increased from 2.1 to 3.0 GPa at the maximum, while that of pure PVA was 1.5 GPa.
AB - To enhance the mechanical properties of regenerated cellulose nanofibers (RC-NF), the annealing and the saponification of electrospun cellulose-acetate nanofibers (CA-NF) have been investigated. It was found that, by increasing the annealing time of CA-NF at 50 °C from 0 to 12 h, the crystallinity of RC-NF increased from 37% to 41%, which became constant after 12 h. By applying the theory proposed by Tsai, the Young's modulus of RC-NF was found to increase from 9.0 to 28.0 GPa by increasing the annealing time from 0 to 12 h, which also became constant after 12 h. The optimized annealing time for the maximum crystallinity and Young's modulus became shorter by increasing the annealing temperature, indicating that the crystallinity and the Young's modulus of RC-NF were strongly correlated. Eventually, the Young's modulus of RC-NF/PVA increased from 2.1 to 3.0 GPa at the maximum, while that of pure PVA was 1.5 GPa.
KW - A. Cellulose
KW - A. Natural fibers
KW - A. Polymer-matrix composites (PMCs)
KW - B. Mechanical properties
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U2 - 10.1016/j.compositesa.2018.07.028
DO - 10.1016/j.compositesa.2018.07.028
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:85050512891
SN - 1359-835X
VL - 113
SP - 158
EP - 165
JO - Composites Part A: Applied Science and Manufacturing
JF - Composites Part A: Applied Science and Manufacturing
ER -