TY - JOUR
T1 - Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, asthma, and mechanical ventilation are risk factors for dyspnea in patients with long COVID
T2 - A Japanese nationwide cohort study
AU - Matsuyama, Emiko
AU - Miyata, Jun
AU - Terai, Hideki
AU - Miyazaki, Naoki
AU - Iwasaki, Toshiki
AU - Nagashima, Kengo
AU - Watase, Mayuko
AU - Sunata, Keeya
AU - Namkoong, Ho
AU - Asakura, Takanori
AU - Masaki, Katsunori
AU - Chubachi, Shotaro
AU - Ohgino, Keiko
AU - Kawada, Ichiro
AU - Minami, Kazuhiro
AU - Hagiwara, Rie
AU - Ueda, Soichiro
AU - Yoshiyama, Takashi
AU - Kokuto, Hiroyuki
AU - Kusumoto, Tatsuya
AU - Oashi, Ayano
AU - Miyawaki, Masayoshi
AU - Saito, Fumitake
AU - Tani, Tetsuo
AU - Ishioka, Kota
AU - Takahashi, Saeko
AU - Nakamura, Morio
AU - Ishii, Makoto
AU - Sato, Yasunori
AU - Fukunaga, Koichi
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2024 [The Author]
PY - 2024/11
Y1 - 2024/11
N2 - Background: Patients often experience multiple prolonged symptoms following acute coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) recovery, defined as long coronavirus disease (COVID). Patients with long COVID may experience dyspnea during acute and post-acute phases. Therefore, this study aimed to identify specific risk factors for dyspnea in patients with long COVID. Methods: Hospitalized patients with COVID-19, aged ≥18 years, were enrolled in this multicenter cohort study conducted at 26 medical institutions across Japan. Clinical data during hospitalization and patient-reported outcomes after discharge at the 3, 6, and 12-month follow-ups were retrieved from medical records and paper-based or smartphone application-based questionnaires, respectively. Results: Generalized linear mixed model (GLMM) analysis of prolonged dyspnea at each time point during follow-up showed that this symptom was associated with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) (odds ratio [OR], 2.74; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.31–5.74), asthma (OR, 2.21; 95%CI, 1.17–4.16), and ventilator management (OR, 3.10; 95%CI, 1.65–5.83). In addition, patients with COPD (44.4%) and ventilator management (25.0%) were more frequently associated with delayed dyspnea onset. The generalized estimating equations analysis results with multiple imputed datasets, conducted as a sensitivity analysis, confirmed the adjusted GLMM analysis results. Conclusions: Prolonged dyspnea was associated with COPD, asthma, and severe infection that required mechanical ventilation in the Japanese population with long COVID. Further investigation is needed to clarify its mechanism and develop prophylactic and therapeutic strategies for dyspnea in patients with long COVID.
AB - Background: Patients often experience multiple prolonged symptoms following acute coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) recovery, defined as long coronavirus disease (COVID). Patients with long COVID may experience dyspnea during acute and post-acute phases. Therefore, this study aimed to identify specific risk factors for dyspnea in patients with long COVID. Methods: Hospitalized patients with COVID-19, aged ≥18 years, were enrolled in this multicenter cohort study conducted at 26 medical institutions across Japan. Clinical data during hospitalization and patient-reported outcomes after discharge at the 3, 6, and 12-month follow-ups were retrieved from medical records and paper-based or smartphone application-based questionnaires, respectively. Results: Generalized linear mixed model (GLMM) analysis of prolonged dyspnea at each time point during follow-up showed that this symptom was associated with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) (odds ratio [OR], 2.74; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.31–5.74), asthma (OR, 2.21; 95%CI, 1.17–4.16), and ventilator management (OR, 3.10; 95%CI, 1.65–5.83). In addition, patients with COPD (44.4%) and ventilator management (25.0%) were more frequently associated with delayed dyspnea onset. The generalized estimating equations analysis results with multiple imputed datasets, conducted as a sensitivity analysis, confirmed the adjusted GLMM analysis results. Conclusions: Prolonged dyspnea was associated with COPD, asthma, and severe infection that required mechanical ventilation in the Japanese population with long COVID. Further investigation is needed to clarify its mechanism and develop prophylactic and therapeutic strategies for dyspnea in patients with long COVID.
KW - Asthma
KW - Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
KW - Long COVID
KW - Mechanical ventilation
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UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=85204881583&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1016/j.resinv.2024.09.009
DO - 10.1016/j.resinv.2024.09.009
M3 - Article
C2 - 39342666
AN - SCOPUS:85204881583
SN - 2212-5345
VL - 62
SP - 1094
EP - 1101
JO - Respiratory Investigation
JF - Respiratory Investigation
IS - 6
ER -