Deposition and Dissolution of Lithium in 1-Methyl-1-methoxyethylpyrrolidinium Bis(fluorosulfonyl)amide Ionic Liquid Electrolyte with Different Compositions

The solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) between Li and ionic liquid electrolytes was investigated in 1-methyl-1-propylpyrrolidinium bis(fluorosulfonyl)amide (MPPFSA) and 1-methyl-1-methoxyethylpyrrolidinium bis(fluorosulfonyl)amide (MOEMPFSA) with different LiFSA concentrations. The physicochemical properties and the coordination states of Li+ with FSA- with increasing the LiFSA concentration were similar between xLiFSA-MPPFSA and MOEMPFSA. On the other hand, the SEI resistance obtained by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy using a Li|Li symmetrical cell increased with the lapse of time in xLiFSA-MPPFSA more significantly than in xLiFSA-MOEMPFSA, suggesting that the SEI formed in xLiFSA-MOEMPFSA was more conductive than that in xLiFSA-MPPFSA. The SEI formed on Li was considered to be composed mainly of the ions in the electrolytes and their decomposed products by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. The cyclability of deposition and dissolution of Li was improved with increasing the LiFSA concentration in both xLiFSA-MPPFSA and MOEMPFSA. An increase in the conductivity of the SEI with increasing the LiFSA concentration may lead to the promotion of homogeneous growth of Li rather than dendritic growth of Li.