@article{8a4f1580dfe04af2844456bf61a35b67,
title = "Development of diagnostic criteria and severity scale for polydipsia: A systematic literature review and well-experienced clinicians{\textquoteright} consensus",
abstract = "Despite the clinical importance of polydipsia, no diagnostic criteria or severity scales that comprehensively assess this condition are available. Thus, we aimed to develop diagnostic criteria and a severity scale for polydipsia based on a systematic review and well-experienced clinicians{\textquoteright} consensus. We performed a systematic review, identified 27 studies related to diagnostic criteria or severity classification for polydipsia, and extracted items used to assess polydipsia in these studies. Ten well-experienced clinicians—5 psychiatrists and 5 nurses—participated in the Delphi method. They evaluated 39 items extracted based on the results of the systematic review regarding (1) their necessity in diagnosing and assessing the severity of polydipsia, and (2) their relative importance rated on 7-point scale among the items included in the severity scale. The Polydipsia Diagnostic Criteria (PDC) included 4 essential items—excessive drinking, low serum sodium level or low serum osmolality, abnormal normalized diurnal weight gain, and low urine specific gravity—based on consensus reached using the Delphi method. The Polydipsia Severity Scale (PSS) included 13 items with a maximum score of 59. The first diagnostic criteria and symptom scale for polydipsia were developed based on the findings of a systematic review and well-experienced clinicians{\textquoteright} consensus.",
keywords = "Diagnostic criteria, Polydipsia, Schizophrenia, Severity scale, Water intoxication",
author = "Mutsuki Sakuma and Fuminari Misawa and Midori Maeda and Yasuo Fujii and Hiroyuki Uchida and Masaru Mimura and Hiroyoshi Takeuchi",
note = "Funding Information: Dr. Mimura has grants from Daiichi Sankyo, Eisai, Mitsubishi Tanabe Pharma, Pfizer, Shionogi, Takeda, and Tsumura; and speaker's honoraria from Daiichi Sankyo, Eisai, Eli Lilly, Fujifilm RI Pharma, Janssen, Mochida, MSD, Nippon Chemiphar, Novartis Pharma, Ono, Otsuka, Pfizer, Sumitomo Dainippon Pharma, Takeda, Tsumura, and Yoshitomiyakuhin. Funding Information: Dr. Uchida has received grants from Eisai, Meiji Seika Pharma, Otsuka, and Sumitomo Dainippon Pharma; speaker's honoraria from Eli Lilly, Meiji Seika Pharma, MSD, Otsuka, Pfizer, Sumitomo Dainippon Pharma, and Yoshitomiyakuhin; and advisory panel payments from Sumitomo Dainippon Pharma. Funding Information: The authors thank Dr. Ataru Inagaki, MD, PhD, College of Education, Psychology and Human Studies, Health Administration Center, Aoyama Gakuin University, Tokyo, Japan, Dr. Hirohito Kawakami, MD, Tokyo Musashino Hospital, Tokyo, Japan, Dr. Shizue Oyamada, MD, Mental Health and Welfare Center, Health and Welfare Bureau, Saitama City, Saitama, Japan, Mr. Masanori Ichikawa, ADN, Yamanashi Prefectural Kita Hospital, Yamanashi, Japan, Mr. Isamu Niitsu, ADN, Yamanashi Prefectural Kita Hospital, Yamanashi, Japan, Mr. Toshiya Kasai, ADN, Yamanashi Prefectural Kita Hospital, Yamanashi, Japan, Mr. Takahiko Yamagishi, ADN, Yamanashi Prefectural Kita Hospital, Yamanashi, Japan, Mr. Akihiko Shimizu, ADN, Yamanashi Prefectural Kita Hospital, Yamanashi, Japan for expert assistance with the Delphi consensus process. The authors thank Dr. Maki Takeuchi, MD, PhD, Division of Nephrology and Endocrinology, The University of Tokyo, for valuable comments on the diagnostic criteria for polydipsia. Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2021",
year = "2021",
month = mar,
doi = "10.1016/j.psychres.2021.113708",
language = "English",
volume = "297",
journal = "Psychiatry Research",
issn = "0165-1781",
publisher = "Elsevier Ireland Ltd",
}
