@inproceedings{36d5aa9d18fd48dea8731b43c5e8b5a3,
title = "Distribution and trichotomic realization of voiced velars in Japanese - An experimental study",
abstract = "In this paper, we demonstrate the trichotomic realization of voiced velars in Japanese, challenging the traditional plosive/nasal dichotomy of velar allophones, and examine the distribution of these allophones taking phonetic/phonological factors into account. We conducted the quantitative analysis based on some speech production experiments. The results show that voiced velars are more likely to realize as plosives in word-initial positions, as nasals in post-nasal positions, and as fricatives in sequential contexts; velars in word-initial positions can realize as fricatives; the decline of velar-nasalization has been accelerated; following vowels and dialectal differences can affect the distribution.",
keywords = "Japanese, Phonological context, Speech production, Spirantization, Velar-nasalization",
author = "Sano, {Shin Ichiro} and Tomohiko Ooigawa",
note = "Funding Information: We would like to thank Takahito Shinya, Timothy Vance, Natsuko Tsujimura, Elizabeth Selkirk, Frank Scott Howell and reviewers for their valuable comments on this and an earlier version of this paper. Special thanks also go to the participants of the experiments for their kind cooperation. Any remaining faults are solely ours.",
year = "2010",
language = "English",
series = "Proceedings of the 11th Annual Conference of the International Speech Communication Association, INTERSPEECH 2010",
publisher = "International Speech Communication Association",
pages = "1545--1548",
booktitle = "Proceedings of the 11th Annual Conference of the International Speech Communication Association, INTERSPEECH 2010",
}