Dynamics of antibody titers and cellular immunity among Japanese healthcare workers during the 6 months after receiving two doses of BNT162b2 mRNA vaccine

for the Keio Donner Project Team

doi:10.1016/j.vaccine.2022.06.016

Dynamics of antibody titers and cellular immunity among Japanese healthcare workers during the 6 months after receiving two doses of BNT162b2 mRNA vaccine

for the Keio Donner Project Team

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

9 Citations (Scopus)

Abstract

Background: The antibody titer is known to wane within months after receiving two doses of the Pfizer-BioNTech BNT162b2 mRNA SARS-CoV-2 vaccine. However, knowledge of the cellular immune response dynamics following vaccination is limited. This study to aimed to determine antibody and cellular immune responses following vaccination, and the incidence and determinants of breakthrough infection. Methods: This prospective cohort study a 6-month follow-up period was conducted among Japanese healthcare workers. All participants received two doses of BNT162b2 vaccine. Anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibody titers and T-cell immune responses were measured in serum samples collected at several timepoints before and after vaccination. Results: A total of 608 participants were included in the analysis. Antibody titers were elevated 3 weeks after vaccination and waned over the remainder of the study period. T-cell immune responses showed similar dynamics. Six participants without predisposing medical conditions seroconverted from negative to positive on the IgG assay for nucleocapsid proteins, indicating breakthrough SARS-CoV-2 infection. Five of the six breakthrough infections were asymptomatic. Conclusions: Both humoral and cellular immunity waned within 6 months after BNT162b2 vaccination. The incidence of asymptomatic breakthrough infection within 6 months after vaccination was approximately one percent. UMIN Clinical Trials Registry ID: UMIN000043340.

Original language	English
Pages (from-to)	4538-4543
Number of pages	6
Journal	Vaccine
Volume	40
Issue number	32
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1016/j.vaccine.2022.06.016
Publication status	Published - 2022 Jul 30

Keywords

BNT162b2 vaccine
Breakthrough infections
COVID-19
Healthcare workers
Immune response
SARS-CoV-2
mRNA vaccines

ASJC Scopus subject areas

Molecular Medicine
Immunology and Microbiology(all)
veterinary(all)
Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health
Infectious Diseases

UN SDGs

This output contributes to the following UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)

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10.1016/j.vaccine.2022.06.016

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@article{773f5e972b7949cf945e150ce2141d95,

title = "Dynamics of antibody titers and cellular immunity among Japanese healthcare workers during the 6 months after receiving two doses of BNT162b2 mRNA vaccine",

abstract = "Background: The antibody titer is known to wane within months after receiving two doses of the Pfizer-BioNTech BNT162b2 mRNA SARS-CoV-2 vaccine. However, knowledge of the cellular immune response dynamics following vaccination is limited. This study to aimed to determine antibody and cellular immune responses following vaccination, and the incidence and determinants of breakthrough infection. Methods: This prospective cohort study a 6-month follow-up period was conducted among Japanese healthcare workers. All participants received two doses of BNT162b2 vaccine. Anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibody titers and T-cell immune responses were measured in serum samples collected at several timepoints before and after vaccination. Results: A total of 608 participants were included in the analysis. Antibody titers were elevated 3 weeks after vaccination and waned over the remainder of the study period. T-cell immune responses showed similar dynamics. Six participants without predisposing medical conditions seroconverted from negative to positive on the IgG assay for nucleocapsid proteins, indicating breakthrough SARS-CoV-2 infection. Five of the six breakthrough infections were asymptomatic. Conclusions: Both humoral and cellular immunity waned within 6 months after BNT162b2 vaccination. The incidence of asymptomatic breakthrough infection within 6 months after vaccination was approximately one percent. UMIN Clinical Trials Registry ID: UMIN000043340.",

keywords = "BNT162b2 vaccine, Breakthrough infections, COVID-19, Healthcare workers, Immune response, SARS-CoV-2, mRNA vaccines",

author = "{for the Keio Donner Project Team} and Yoshifumi Uwamino and Toshinobu Kurafuji and Kumiko Takato and Akiko Sakai and Akiko Tanabe and Masayo Noguchi and Yoko Yatabe and Tomoko Arai and Akemi Ohno and Yukari Tomita and Ayako Shibata and Hiromitsu Yokota and Wakako Yamasawa and Ho Namkoong and Yasunori Sato and Naoki Hasegawa and Masatoshi Wakui and Mitsuru Murata",

note = "Funding Information: This work was supported by the Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development [grant number: JP21fk0108469]; research funds of the Keio University School of Medicine; and a grant from the Public Foundation of the Vaccination Research Center, Japan. Funding Information: The authors declare the following financial interests/personal relationships which may be considered as potential competing interests: [Naoki Hasegawa reports financial support was provided by the Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development (AMED). Yoshifumi Uwamino reports financial support was provided by the Public Foundation of the Vaccination Research Center, Japan. Mitsuru Murata reports equipment, drugs, or supplies was provided by MBL Corporation. Mitsuru Murata reports equipment, drugs, or supplies was provided by Sysmex Corp. Mitsuru Murata reports equipment, drugs, or supplies was provided by Qiagen. Yoshifumi Uwamino, Mitsuru Murata, Masatoshi Wakui has patent pending to Keio University]. Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2022 Elsevier Ltd",

year = "2022",

month = jul,

day = "30",

doi = "10.1016/j.vaccine.2022.06.016",

language = "English",

volume = "40",

pages = "4538--4543",

journal = "Vaccine",

issn = "0264-410X",

publisher = "Elsevier BV",

number = "32",

}

TY - JOUR

T1 - Dynamics of antibody titers and cellular immunity among Japanese healthcare workers during the 6 months after receiving two doses of BNT162b2 mRNA vaccine

AU - for the Keio Donner Project Team

AU - Uwamino, Yoshifumi

AU - Kurafuji, Toshinobu

AU - Takato, Kumiko

AU - Sakai, Akiko

AU - Tanabe, Akiko

AU - Noguchi, Masayo

AU - Yatabe, Yoko

AU - Arai, Tomoko

AU - Ohno, Akemi

AU - Tomita, Yukari

AU - Shibata, Ayako

AU - Yokota, Hiromitsu

AU - Yamasawa, Wakako

AU - Namkoong, Ho

AU - Sato, Yasunori

AU - Hasegawa, Naoki

AU - Wakui, Masatoshi

AU - Murata, Mitsuru

N1 - Funding Information: This work was supported by the Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development [grant number: JP21fk0108469]; research funds of the Keio University School of Medicine; and a grant from the Public Foundation of the Vaccination Research Center, Japan. Funding Information: The authors declare the following financial interests/personal relationships which may be considered as potential competing interests: [Naoki Hasegawa reports financial support was provided by the Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development (AMED). Yoshifumi Uwamino reports financial support was provided by the Public Foundation of the Vaccination Research Center, Japan. Mitsuru Murata reports equipment, drugs, or supplies was provided by MBL Corporation. Mitsuru Murata reports equipment, drugs, or supplies was provided by Sysmex Corp. Mitsuru Murata reports equipment, drugs, or supplies was provided by Qiagen. Yoshifumi Uwamino, Mitsuru Murata, Masatoshi Wakui has patent pending to Keio University]. Publisher Copyright: © 2022 Elsevier Ltd

PY - 2022/7/30

Y1 - 2022/7/30

N2 - Background: The antibody titer is known to wane within months after receiving two doses of the Pfizer-BioNTech BNT162b2 mRNA SARS-CoV-2 vaccine. However, knowledge of the cellular immune response dynamics following vaccination is limited. This study to aimed to determine antibody and cellular immune responses following vaccination, and the incidence and determinants of breakthrough infection. Methods: This prospective cohort study a 6-month follow-up period was conducted among Japanese healthcare workers. All participants received two doses of BNT162b2 vaccine. Anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibody titers and T-cell immune responses were measured in serum samples collected at several timepoints before and after vaccination. Results: A total of 608 participants were included in the analysis. Antibody titers were elevated 3 weeks after vaccination and waned over the remainder of the study period. T-cell immune responses showed similar dynamics. Six participants without predisposing medical conditions seroconverted from negative to positive on the IgG assay for nucleocapsid proteins, indicating breakthrough SARS-CoV-2 infection. Five of the six breakthrough infections were asymptomatic. Conclusions: Both humoral and cellular immunity waned within 6 months after BNT162b2 vaccination. The incidence of asymptomatic breakthrough infection within 6 months after vaccination was approximately one percent. UMIN Clinical Trials Registry ID: UMIN000043340.

AB - Background: The antibody titer is known to wane within months after receiving two doses of the Pfizer-BioNTech BNT162b2 mRNA SARS-CoV-2 vaccine. However, knowledge of the cellular immune response dynamics following vaccination is limited. This study to aimed to determine antibody and cellular immune responses following vaccination, and the incidence and determinants of breakthrough infection. Methods: This prospective cohort study a 6-month follow-up period was conducted among Japanese healthcare workers. All participants received two doses of BNT162b2 vaccine. Anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibody titers and T-cell immune responses were measured in serum samples collected at several timepoints before and after vaccination. Results: A total of 608 participants were included in the analysis. Antibody titers were elevated 3 weeks after vaccination and waned over the remainder of the study period. T-cell immune responses showed similar dynamics. Six participants without predisposing medical conditions seroconverted from negative to positive on the IgG assay for nucleocapsid proteins, indicating breakthrough SARS-CoV-2 infection. Five of the six breakthrough infections were asymptomatic. Conclusions: Both humoral and cellular immunity waned within 6 months after BNT162b2 vaccination. The incidence of asymptomatic breakthrough infection within 6 months after vaccination was approximately one percent. UMIN Clinical Trials Registry ID: UMIN000043340.

KW - BNT162b2 vaccine

KW - Breakthrough infections

KW - COVID-19

KW - Healthcare workers

KW - Immune response

KW - SARS-CoV-2

KW - mRNA vaccines

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U2 - 10.1016/j.vaccine.2022.06.016

DO - 10.1016/j.vaccine.2022.06.016

M3 - Article

C2 - 35718591

AN - SCOPUS:85132843259

SN - 0264-410X

VL - 40

SP - 4538

EP - 4543

JO - Vaccine

JF - Vaccine

IS - 32

ER -

Dynamics of antibody titers and cellular immunity among Japanese healthcare workers during the 6 months after receiving two doses of BNT162b2 mRNA vaccine

Abstract

Keywords

ASJC Scopus subject areas

UN SDGs

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