TY - JOUR
T1 - Influenza vaccine effectiveness against influenza A in children based on the results of various rapid influenza tests in the 2018/19 season
AU - Shinjoh, Masayoshi
AU - Sugaya, Norio
AU - Yamaguchi, Yoshio
AU - Ookawara, Ichiro
AU - Nakata, Yuji
AU - Narabayashi, Atsushi
AU - Furuichi, Munehiro
AU - Yoshida, Naoko
AU - Kamei, Akinobu
AU - Kuramochi, Yuu
AU - Shibata, Akimichi
AU - Shimoyamada, Motoko
AU - Nakazaki, Hisataka
AU - Maejima, Naohiko
AU - Yuasa, Erika
AU - Araki, Eriko
AU - Maeda, Naonori
AU - Ohnishi, Takuma
AU - Nishida, Mitsuhiro
AU - Taguchi, Nobuhiko
AU - Yoshida, Makoto
AU - Tsunematsu, Kenichiro
AU - Shibata, Meiwa
AU - Hirano, Yasuhiro
AU - Sekiguchi, Shinichiro
AU - Kawakami, Chiharu
AU - Mitamura, Keiko
AU - Takahashi, Takao
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2021 Shinjoh et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
PY - 2021/3
Y1 - 2021/3
N2 - During influenza epidemics, Japanese clinicians routinely conduct rapid influenza diagnostic tests (RIDTs) in patients with influenza-like illness, and patients with positive test results are treated with anti-influenza drugs within 48 h after the onset of illness. We assessed the vaccine effectiveness (VE) of inactivated influenza vaccine (IIV) in children (6 months–15 years old, N = 4243), using a test-negative case-control design based on the results of RIDTs in the 2018/19 season. The VE against influenza A(H1N1)pdm and A(H3N2) was analyzed separately using an RIDT kit specifically for detecting A(H1N1)pdm09. The adjusted VE against combined influenza A (H1N1pdm and H3N2) and against A(H1N1)pdm09 was 39% (95% confidence interval [CI], 30%–46%) and 74% (95% CI, 39%–89%), respectively. By contrast, the VE against non-A(H1N1)pdm09 influenza A (presumed to be H3N2) was very low at 7%. The adjusted VE for preventing hospitalization was 56% (95% CI, 16%–77%) against influenza A. The VE against A(H1N1)pdm09 was consistently high in our studies. By contrast, the VE against A(H3N2) was low not only in adults but also in children in the 2018/19 season.
AB - During influenza epidemics, Japanese clinicians routinely conduct rapid influenza diagnostic tests (RIDTs) in patients with influenza-like illness, and patients with positive test results are treated with anti-influenza drugs within 48 h after the onset of illness. We assessed the vaccine effectiveness (VE) of inactivated influenza vaccine (IIV) in children (6 months–15 years old, N = 4243), using a test-negative case-control design based on the results of RIDTs in the 2018/19 season. The VE against influenza A(H1N1)pdm and A(H3N2) was analyzed separately using an RIDT kit specifically for detecting A(H1N1)pdm09. The adjusted VE against combined influenza A (H1N1pdm and H3N2) and against A(H1N1)pdm09 was 39% (95% confidence interval [CI], 30%–46%) and 74% (95% CI, 39%–89%), respectively. By contrast, the VE against non-A(H1N1)pdm09 influenza A (presumed to be H3N2) was very low at 7%. The adjusted VE for preventing hospitalization was 56% (95% CI, 16%–77%) against influenza A. The VE against A(H1N1)pdm09 was consistently high in our studies. By contrast, the VE against A(H3N2) was low not only in adults but also in children in the 2018/19 season.
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U2 - 10.1371/journal.pone.0249005
DO - 10.1371/journal.pone.0249005
M3 - Review article
C2 - 33770132
AN - SCOPUS:85103239189
SN - 1932-6203
VL - 16
JO - PloS one
JF - PloS one
IS - 3 March
M1 - e0249005
ER -
