@article{9ab60f3dbe4b43c5967d5a2d6251893f,
title = "Modified Socratic Method (planned and executed by Takada) for medical education: Grade II Acute Cholecystitis of Tokyo Guidelines 2018 as an example case",
abstract = "Background: Socratic method, which is an educational method to promote critical thinking through a dialogue, has never been practiced in a large number of people at the academic societies. Methods: Modified Socratic method was performed for the first time as an educational seminar using an example case of moderate acute cholecystitis based on the evidence described in Tokyo Guidelines 2018. We adopted a method that Takada had been modifying for many years: the instructor first knows the degree of recognition of the audience, then the instructor gives a lecture in an easy-to-understand manner and receives questions from the audience, followed by repeated questions and answers toward a common recognition. Results: Using slides, video, and an answer pad, 281 participants including the audience, instructors and moderators came together to repeatedly ask and answer questions in the five sessions related to the case scenario. The recognition rate of the topic of Critical View of Safety increased significantly before vs after this method (53.0% vs 90.3%). The seminar had been successfully performed by receiving a lot of praise from the participants. Conclusion: This educational method is considered to be adopted by many academic societies in the future as an effective educational method.",
keywords = "Socratic method, Tokyo Guidelines, active learning, acute cholecystitis, medical education",
author = "Tadahiro Takada and Shuji Isaji and Masahiro Yoshida and Akihiko Horiguchi and Hisami Ando and Shuichi Miyakawa and Seiki Kiriyama and Harumi Gomi and Shuntaro Mukai and Ryota Higuchi and Yuta Abe and Kohji Okamoto and Kenji Suzuki and Naoyuki Toyota and Shutaro Hori and Yuki Homma and Hiroyuki Kato and Akiko Umezawa and Jiro Hata and Dai Inoue and Motoyuki Kobayashi and Toshio Tsuyuguchi and Hirotoshi Maruo and Yusuke Kumamoto and Yukio Asano and Yuka Kondo and Satoshi Arakawa and Koji Asai and Yasuhisa Mori and Yukiko Nagamachi and Shugo Mizuno and Shintaro Yagi and Tetsuji Ohyama and Takeyuki Misawa and Keiji Sano and Takao Itoi and Nobuhiko Taniai and Michiaki Unno and Masakazu Yamamoto and Toshihiko Mayumi",
note = "Funding Information: About 70 years ago when Tadahiro Takada myself was in the fifth and sixth grade of elemental school, I was amazed by the teaching of my new teacher, Tsutomu Suzuki, who taught us a revamped pedagogy (a branch of active learning). Since then, I have worked hard over the years to devise and apply a format that allows students to develop an understanding of the subject matter through repeated question and answer sessions with teachers and experts. I would like to express my sincere gratitude to my mentor, Tsutomu Suzuki, for his excellent guidance of 70 years ago. Further, we would also like to thank everyone at the Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Fujita Health University Bantane Hospital, Nagoya, Japan, for hosting the 56th Annual Congress of the Japanese Society for Abdominal Emergency Medicine and for allowing us to perform this educational seminar in a hybrid format, while strictly enforcing infection control measures amidst the continuing spread of COVID-19 infection. Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2021 Japanese Society of Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery.",
year = "2022",
month = may,
doi = "10.1002/jhbp.1076",
language = "English",
volume = "29",
pages = "505--520",
journal = "Journal of Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic Sciences",
issn = "1868-6974",
publisher = "Springer Verlag",
number = "5",
}