TY - JOUR
T1 - Multicomponent nature underlies the extraordinary mechanical properties of spider dragline silk
AU - Kono, Nobuaki
AU - Nakamura, Hiroyuki
AU - Mori, Masaru
AU - Yoshida, Yuki
AU - Ohtoshi, Rintaro
AU - Malay, Ali D.
AU - Pedrazzoli Moran, Daniel A.
AU - Tomita, Masaru
AU - Numata, Keiji
AU - Arakawa, Kazuharu
N1 - Funding Information:
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS. We thank Akio Tanikawa for morphological identification of spiders, helpful comments about phylogenetic discussion, and providing the photographs of T. clavata, T. clavipes, and N. pilipes, and we thank the Malagasy Institute for the Conservation of Tropical Environments, the Ministry of Environment and Sustainable Development of Madagascar, Mention Zoologie et Biologie Animale, Université d’Antananarivo, and Madagascar National Parks for their cooperation and permission to conduct sampling in Madagascar. We also thank Yuki Takai, Nozomi Abe, Yuki Onozawa, Sumiko Ohnuma, and Naoko Ishii for technical support in the sequencing and proteome analysis; Hongfang Chi, Haruka Funayama, Kaori Yaosaka, Ryota Sato, and Hironori Yamamoto for technical support in the fiber spinning and analysis of fibers; Hiroshi Kano, Ryoko Sato, and Hideki Nishijima for the development of reeling machines; and Hiroyasu Masunaga for his technical support in SPring-8 measurements. H.N., M.T., K.N., and A.K. are supported by the ImPACT Program of the Council for Science, Technology, and Innovation (Cabinet Office, Government of Japan). N.K. is supported by a Nakatsuji Foresight Foundation Research Grant, the Sumitomo Foundation (190426), The Uehara Memorial Foundation, Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B). N.K., M.M., M.T., and A.K. are supported by research funds from the Yamagata Prefectural Government and Tsuruoka City, Japan. Y.Y. is supported by Japan Society for the Promotion of Science KAKENHI Grant Number JP18J21155, and K.N. is financially supported by a Grant-in-Aid for Transformative Research Areas (B).
Publisher Copyright:
© 2021 National Academy of Sciences. All rights reserved.
PY - 2021/8/3
Y1 - 2021/8/3
N2 - Dragline silk of golden orb-weaver spiders (Nephilinae) is noted for its unsurpassed toughness, combining extraordinary extensibility and tensile strength, suggesting industrial application as a sustainable biopolymer material. To pinpoint the molecular composition of dragline silk and the roles of its constituents in achieving its mechanical properties, we report a multiomics approach, combining highquality genome sequencing and assembly, silk gland transcriptomics, and dragline silk proteomics of four Nephilinae spiders.We observed the consistent presence of the MaSp3B spidroin unique to this subfamily as well as several nonspidroin SpiCE proteins. Artificial synthesis and the combination of these components in vitro showed that the multicomponent nature of dragline silk, including MaSp3B and SpiCE, along with MaSp1 and MaSp2, is essential to realize the mechanical properties of spider dragline silk.
AB - Dragline silk of golden orb-weaver spiders (Nephilinae) is noted for its unsurpassed toughness, combining extraordinary extensibility and tensile strength, suggesting industrial application as a sustainable biopolymer material. To pinpoint the molecular composition of dragline silk and the roles of its constituents in achieving its mechanical properties, we report a multiomics approach, combining highquality genome sequencing and assembly, silk gland transcriptomics, and dragline silk proteomics of four Nephilinae spiders.We observed the consistent presence of the MaSp3B spidroin unique to this subfamily as well as several nonspidroin SpiCE proteins. Artificial synthesis and the combination of these components in vitro showed that the multicomponent nature of dragline silk, including MaSp3B and SpiCE, along with MaSp1 and MaSp2, is essential to realize the mechanical properties of spider dragline silk.
KW - Genome
KW - Mechanical property
KW - Orb-weaving spider
KW - Spider silk
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U2 - 10.1073/pnas.2107065118
DO - 10.1073/pnas.2107065118
M3 - Article
C2 - 34312234
AN - SCOPUS:85111222639
SN - 0027-8424
VL - 118
JO - Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
JF - Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
IS - 31
M1 - e2107065118
ER -