Performance of 50 cm Photomultiplier Tube for Hyper-Kamiokande

Yuto Maekawa; Chiori Fujisawa; Yasuhiro Nishimura

doi:10.1109/NSS/MIC44867.2021.9875925

Performance of 50 cm Photomultiplier Tube for Hyper-Kamiokande

Yuto Maekawa, Chiori Fujisawa, Yasuhiro Nishimura

Department of Physics

Research output: Chapter in Book/Report/Conference proceeding › Conference contribution

Abstract

We developed a 50 cm-diameter photomultiplier tube (PMT) for Hyper-Kamiokande, which is a large water Cherenkov detector in Japan aiming at neutrino and nucleon-decay research by using forty thousand photosensors. The PMT, R12860 manufactured by Hamamatsu Photonics K.K. (Hamamatsu), achieved a double detection efficiency, reduced timing and charge resolutions as well as sufficient mechanical strength compared with a prior 50 cm PMT, R3600 for Super-Kamiokande. In 2018 over a hundred of the R12860 PMTs were installed in Super-Kamiokande, where we evaluated the performance together with the R3600 PMTs. The collection efficiency reached 95% with a higher quantum efficiency (QE) of 33% typical at peak of wavelength around 400 nm. Charge resolution was evaluated to be 27% in standard deviation and time resolution to be 1.5 nanoseconds in FWHM. Finally, noise reduction succeeded with clean materials and low dark count rate.

Original language	English
Title of host publication	2021 IEEE Nuclear Science Symposium and Medical Imaging Conference Record, NSS/MIC 2021 and 28th International Symposium on Room-Temperature Semiconductor Detectors, RTSD 2022
Editors	Hideki Tomita, Tatsuya Nakamura
Publisher	Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc.
ISBN (Electronic)	9781665421133
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1109/NSS/MIC44867.2021.9875925
Publication status	Published - 2021
Event	2021 IEEE Nuclear Science Symposium and Medical Imaging Conference, NSS/MIC 2021 - Virtual, Yokohama, Japan Duration: 2021 Oct 16 → 2021 Oct 23

Publication series

Name	2021 IEEE Nuclear Science Symposium and Medical Imaging Conference Record, NSS/MIC 2021 and 28th International Symposium on Room-Temperature Semiconductor Detectors, RTSD 2022

Conference

Conference	2021 IEEE Nuclear Science Symposium and Medical Imaging Conference, NSS/MIC 2021
Country/Territory	Japan
City	Virtual, Yokohama
Period	21/10/16 → 21/10/23

Keywords

Neutrino
Photodetectors
Water Cherenkov Detector

ASJC Scopus subject areas

Nuclear Energy and Engineering
Health Informatics
Radiology Nuclear Medicine and imaging
Nuclear and High Energy Physics

Access to Document

10.1109/NSS/MIC44867.2021.9875925

Cite this

Maekawa, Y., Fujisawa, C., & Nishimura, Y. (2021). Performance of 50 cm Photomultiplier Tube for Hyper-Kamiokande. In H. Tomita, & T. Nakamura (Eds.), 2021 IEEE Nuclear Science Symposium and Medical Imaging Conference Record, NSS/MIC 2021 and 28th International Symposium on Room-Temperature Semiconductor Detectors, RTSD 2022 (2021 IEEE Nuclear Science Symposium and Medical Imaging Conference Record, NSS/MIC 2021 and 28th International Symposium on Room-Temperature Semiconductor Detectors, RTSD 2022). Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc.. https://doi.org/10.1109/NSS/MIC44867.2021.9875925

Performance of 50 cm Photomultiplier Tube for Hyper-Kamiokande. / Maekawa, Yuto; Fujisawa, Chiori; Nishimura, Yasuhiro.
2021 IEEE Nuclear Science Symposium and Medical Imaging Conference Record, NSS/MIC 2021 and 28th International Symposium on Room-Temperature Semiconductor Detectors, RTSD 2022. ed. / Hideki Tomita; Tatsuya Nakamura. Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc., 2021. (2021 IEEE Nuclear Science Symposium and Medical Imaging Conference Record, NSS/MIC 2021 and 28th International Symposium on Room-Temperature Semiconductor Detectors, RTSD 2022).

Research output: Chapter in Book/Report/Conference proceeding › Conference contribution

Maekawa, Y, Fujisawa, C & Nishimura, Y 2021, Performance of 50 cm Photomultiplier Tube for Hyper-Kamiokande. in H Tomita & T Nakamura (eds), 2021 IEEE Nuclear Science Symposium and Medical Imaging Conference Record, NSS/MIC 2021 and 28th International Symposium on Room-Temperature Semiconductor Detectors, RTSD 2022. 2021 IEEE Nuclear Science Symposium and Medical Imaging Conference Record, NSS/MIC 2021 and 28th International Symposium on Room-Temperature Semiconductor Detectors, RTSD 2022, Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc., 2021 IEEE Nuclear Science Symposium and Medical Imaging Conference, NSS/MIC 2021, Virtual, Yokohama, Japan, 21/10/16. https://doi.org/10.1109/NSS/MIC44867.2021.9875925

Maekawa Y, Fujisawa C, Nishimura Y. Performance of 50 cm Photomultiplier Tube for Hyper-Kamiokande. In Tomita H, Nakamura T, editors, 2021 IEEE Nuclear Science Symposium and Medical Imaging Conference Record, NSS/MIC 2021 and 28th International Symposium on Room-Temperature Semiconductor Detectors, RTSD 2022. Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc. 2021. (2021 IEEE Nuclear Science Symposium and Medical Imaging Conference Record, NSS/MIC 2021 and 28th International Symposium on Room-Temperature Semiconductor Detectors, RTSD 2022). doi: 10.1109/NSS/MIC44867.2021.9875925

Maekawa, Yuto ; Fujisawa, Chiori ; Nishimura, Yasuhiro. / Performance of 50 cm Photomultiplier Tube for Hyper-Kamiokande. 2021 IEEE Nuclear Science Symposium and Medical Imaging Conference Record, NSS/MIC 2021 and 28th International Symposium on Room-Temperature Semiconductor Detectors, RTSD 2022. editor / Hideki Tomita ; Tatsuya Nakamura. Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc., 2021. (2021 IEEE Nuclear Science Symposium and Medical Imaging Conference Record, NSS/MIC 2021 and 28th International Symposium on Room-Temperature Semiconductor Detectors, RTSD 2022).

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abstract = "We developed a 50 cm-diameter photomultiplier tube (PMT) for Hyper-Kamiokande, which is a large water Cherenkov detector in Japan aiming at neutrino and nucleon-decay research by using forty thousand photosensors. The PMT, R12860 manufactured by Hamamatsu Photonics K.K. (Hamamatsu), achieved a double detection efficiency, reduced timing and charge resolutions as well as sufficient mechanical strength compared with a prior 50 cm PMT, R3600 for Super-Kamiokande. In 2018 over a hundred of the R12860 PMTs were installed in Super-Kamiokande, where we evaluated the performance together with the R3600 PMTs. The collection efficiency reached 95% with a higher quantum efficiency (QE) of 33% typical at peak of wavelength around 400 nm. Charge resolution was evaluated to be 27% in standard deviation and time resolution to be 1.5 nanoseconds in FWHM. Finally, noise reduction succeeded with clean materials and low dark count rate.",

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N2 - We developed a 50 cm-diameter photomultiplier tube (PMT) for Hyper-Kamiokande, which is a large water Cherenkov detector in Japan aiming at neutrino and nucleon-decay research by using forty thousand photosensors. The PMT, R12860 manufactured by Hamamatsu Photonics K.K. (Hamamatsu), achieved a double detection efficiency, reduced timing and charge resolutions as well as sufficient mechanical strength compared with a prior 50 cm PMT, R3600 for Super-Kamiokande. In 2018 over a hundred of the R12860 PMTs were installed in Super-Kamiokande, where we evaluated the performance together with the R3600 PMTs. The collection efficiency reached 95% with a higher quantum efficiency (QE) of 33% typical at peak of wavelength around 400 nm. Charge resolution was evaluated to be 27% in standard deviation and time resolution to be 1.5 nanoseconds in FWHM. Finally, noise reduction succeeded with clean materials and low dark count rate.

AB - We developed a 50 cm-diameter photomultiplier tube (PMT) for Hyper-Kamiokande, which is a large water Cherenkov detector in Japan aiming at neutrino and nucleon-decay research by using forty thousand photosensors. The PMT, R12860 manufactured by Hamamatsu Photonics K.K. (Hamamatsu), achieved a double detection efficiency, reduced timing and charge resolutions as well as sufficient mechanical strength compared with a prior 50 cm PMT, R3600 for Super-Kamiokande. In 2018 over a hundred of the R12860 PMTs were installed in Super-Kamiokande, where we evaluated the performance together with the R3600 PMTs. The collection efficiency reached 95% with a higher quantum efficiency (QE) of 33% typical at peak of wavelength around 400 nm. Charge resolution was evaluated to be 27% in standard deviation and time resolution to be 1.5 nanoseconds in FWHM. Finally, noise reduction succeeded with clean materials and low dark count rate.

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Performance of 50 cm Photomultiplier Tube for Hyper-Kamiokande

Abstract

Publication series

Conference

Keywords

ASJC Scopus subject areas

Access to Document

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