Planetary-scale streak structure reproduced in high-resolution simulations of the Venus atmosphere with a low-stability layer

Hiroki Kashimura; Norihiko Sugimoto; Masahiro Takagi; Yoshihisa Matsuda; Wataru Ohfuchi; Takeshi Enomoto; Kensuke Nakajima; Masaki Ishiwatari; Takao M. Sato; George L. Hashimoto; Takehiko Satoh; Yoshiyuki O. Takahashi; Yoshi Yuki Hayashi

doi:10.1038/s41467-018-07919-y

Planetary-scale streak structure reproduced in high-resolution simulations of the Venus atmosphere with a low-stability layer

Hiroki Kashimura, Norihiko Sugimoto, Masahiro Takagi, Yoshihisa Matsuda, Wataru Ohfuchi, Takeshi Enomoto, Kensuke Nakajima, Masaki Ishiwatari, Takao M. Sato, George L. Hashimoto, Takehiko Satoh, Yoshiyuki O. Takahashi, Yoshi Yuki Hayashi

Faculty of Law

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

35 Citations (Scopus)

Abstract

Cloud patterns are important clues for revealing the atmospheric circulation of Venus. Recently, a planetary-scale streak structure has been discovered in middle- and lower-cloud images of Venus’ night-side taken by IR2, the 2-μm camera, on board the Akatsuki orbiter. However, its formation mechanism has not been investigated. Here we succeed, for the first time, in reproducing the patterns of the observed streak structure, as regions of strong downward flows that develop in high-resolution global simulations of the Venus atmosphere. The streaks are formed in both hemispheres with equatorial symmetry, which is caused by equatorial Rossby-like and Kelvin-like waves with zonal wavenumber one. The low-stability layer that has been suggested by past observations is essential for reproducing the streak structure. The streaks of downward flow result from the interaction of the meridionally tilted phase lines of the Rossby-like waves and the characteristics of baroclinic instability produced around the low-stability layer.

Original language	English
Article number	23
Journal	Nature communications
Volume	10
Issue number	1
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-018-07919-y
Publication status	Published - 2019 Dec 1

ASJC Scopus subject areas

Chemistry(all)
Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology(all)
Physics and Astronomy(all)

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Kashimura, H., Sugimoto, N., Takagi, M., Matsuda, Y., Ohfuchi, W., Enomoto, T., Nakajima, K., Ishiwatari, M., Sato, T. M., Hashimoto, G. L., Satoh, T., Takahashi, Y. O., & Hayashi, Y. Y. (2019). Planetary-scale streak structure reproduced in high-resolution simulations of the Venus atmosphere with a low-stability layer. Nature communications, 10(1), Article 23. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-018-07919-y

Kashimura, H, Sugimoto, N, Takagi, M, Matsuda, Y, Ohfuchi, W, Enomoto, T, Nakajima, K, Ishiwatari, M, Sato, TM, Hashimoto, GL, Satoh, T, Takahashi, YO & Hayashi, YY 2019, 'Planetary-scale streak structure reproduced in high-resolution simulations of the Venus atmosphere with a low-stability layer', Nature communications, vol. 10, no. 1, 23. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-018-07919-y

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title = "Planetary-scale streak structure reproduced in high-resolution simulations of the Venus atmosphere with a low-stability layer",

abstract = "Cloud patterns are important clues for revealing the atmospheric circulation of Venus. Recently, a planetary-scale streak structure has been discovered in middle- and lower-cloud images of Venus{\textquoteright} night-side taken by IR2, the 2-μm camera, on board the Akatsuki orbiter. However, its formation mechanism has not been investigated. Here we succeed, for the first time, in reproducing the patterns of the observed streak structure, as regions of strong downward flows that develop in high-resolution global simulations of the Venus atmosphere. The streaks are formed in both hemispheres with equatorial symmetry, which is caused by equatorial Rossby-like and Kelvin-like waves with zonal wavenumber one. The low-stability layer that has been suggested by past observations is essential for reproducing the streak structure. The streaks of downward flow result from the interaction of the meridionally tilted phase lines of the Rossby-like waves and the characteristics of baroclinic instability produced around the low-stability layer.",

author = "Hiroki Kashimura and Norihiko Sugimoto and Masahiro Takagi and Yoshihisa Matsuda and Wataru Ohfuchi and Takeshi Enomoto and Kensuke Nakajima and Masaki Ishiwatari and Sato, {Takao M.} and Hashimoto, {George L.} and Takehiko Satoh and Takahashi, {Yoshiyuki O.} and Hayashi, {Yoshi Yuki}",

note = "Funding Information: We thank all of the members and contributors of the Akatsuki project. This study was partly conducted under the Earth Simulator Proposed Research Projects titled Simulations of Atmospheric General Circulations of Earth-like Planets by AFES and High Resolution General Circulation Simulation of Venus and Mars Atmosphere using AFES; and the simulations were performed on the Earth Simulator with the support of JAM-STEC. This study was also supported by MEXT as Exploratory Challenge on Post-K computer (Elucidation of the Birth of Exoplanets [Second Earth] and the Environmental Variations of Planets in the Solar System). This study was supported by JSPS KAKENHI 16H02225, 16K17809, and 17H02961. Data analyses and figures were produced with the libraries of GFD-DENNOU Club. Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2019, The Author(s).",

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doi = "10.1038/s41467-018-07919-y",

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AU - Kashimura, Hiroki

AU - Sugimoto, Norihiko

AU - Takagi, Masahiro

AU - Matsuda, Yoshihisa

AU - Ohfuchi, Wataru

AU - Enomoto, Takeshi

AU - Nakajima, Kensuke

AU - Ishiwatari, Masaki

AU - Sato, Takao M.

AU - Hashimoto, George L.

AU - Satoh, Takehiko

AU - Takahashi, Yoshiyuki O.

AU - Hayashi, Yoshi Yuki

N1 - Funding Information: We thank all of the members and contributors of the Akatsuki project. This study was partly conducted under the Earth Simulator Proposed Research Projects titled Simulations of Atmospheric General Circulations of Earth-like Planets by AFES and High Resolution General Circulation Simulation of Venus and Mars Atmosphere using AFES; and the simulations were performed on the Earth Simulator with the support of JAM-STEC. This study was also supported by MEXT as Exploratory Challenge on Post-K computer (Elucidation of the Birth of Exoplanets [Second Earth] and the Environmental Variations of Planets in the Solar System). This study was supported by JSPS KAKENHI 16H02225, 16K17809, and 17H02961. Data analyses and figures were produced with the libraries of GFD-DENNOU Club. Publisher Copyright: © 2019, The Author(s).

PY - 2019/12/1

Y1 - 2019/12/1

N2 - Cloud patterns are important clues for revealing the atmospheric circulation of Venus. Recently, a planetary-scale streak structure has been discovered in middle- and lower-cloud images of Venus’ night-side taken by IR2, the 2-μm camera, on board the Akatsuki orbiter. However, its formation mechanism has not been investigated. Here we succeed, for the first time, in reproducing the patterns of the observed streak structure, as regions of strong downward flows that develop in high-resolution global simulations of the Venus atmosphere. The streaks are formed in both hemispheres with equatorial symmetry, which is caused by equatorial Rossby-like and Kelvin-like waves with zonal wavenumber one. The low-stability layer that has been suggested by past observations is essential for reproducing the streak structure. The streaks of downward flow result from the interaction of the meridionally tilted phase lines of the Rossby-like waves and the characteristics of baroclinic instability produced around the low-stability layer.

AB - Cloud patterns are important clues for revealing the atmospheric circulation of Venus. Recently, a planetary-scale streak structure has been discovered in middle- and lower-cloud images of Venus’ night-side taken by IR2, the 2-μm camera, on board the Akatsuki orbiter. However, its formation mechanism has not been investigated. Here we succeed, for the first time, in reproducing the patterns of the observed streak structure, as regions of strong downward flows that develop in high-resolution global simulations of the Venus atmosphere. The streaks are formed in both hemispheres with equatorial symmetry, which is caused by equatorial Rossby-like and Kelvin-like waves with zonal wavenumber one. The low-stability layer that has been suggested by past observations is essential for reproducing the streak structure. The streaks of downward flow result from the interaction of the meridionally tilted phase lines of the Rossby-like waves and the characteristics of baroclinic instability produced around the low-stability layer.

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Planetary-scale streak structure reproduced in high-resolution simulations of the Venus atmosphere with a low-stability layer

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