TY - JOUR
T1 - Relationships between global assessment of functioning and other rating scales in clinical trials for schizophrenia
AU - Suzuki, Takefumi
AU - Uchida, Hiroyuki
AU - Sakurai, Hitoshi
AU - Ishizuki, Tomomi
AU - Tsunoda, Kenichi
AU - Takeuchi, Hiroyoshi
AU - Mimura, Masaru
N1 - Funding Information:
Dr. Uchida has received grants from Pfizer , Astellas Pharmaceutical , Eisai , Otsuka Pharmaceutical , GlaxoSmithKline , Shionogi , Dainippon-Sumitomo Pharma , Eli Lilly , Mochida Pharmaceutical , Meiji-Seika Pharma , Janssen Pharmaceutical , and Yoshitomi Yakuhin and speaker׳s honoraria from Otsuka Pharmaceutical, Novartis Pharma, Eli Lilly, Shionogi, GlaxoSmithKline, Yoshitomi Yakuhin, Dainippon-Sumitomo Pharma, Meiji-Seika Pharma, and Janssen Pharmaceutical within the past three years. Drs. Sakurai and Tsunoda have nothing to declare. Dr. Ishizuki speaker׳s honoraria from Dainippon-Sumitomo Pharma. Dr. Takeuchi has received fellowship grants from the Japanese Society of Clinical Neuropsychopharmacology , Astellas Foundation for Research on Metabolic Disorders , and CAMH Foundation , speaker׳s honoraria from Dainippon Sumitomo Pharma, Eli Lilly, GlaxoSmithKlein, Janssen Pharmaceutical, Meiji Seika Pharma, and Otsuka Pharmaceutical, and manuscript fees from Dainippon Sumitomo Pharma within the past 5 years. Dr. Mimura has received grants or speaker׳s honoraria from Asahi Kasei Pharma , Astellas Pharmaceutical, Daiichi Sankyo , Dainippon-Sumitomo Pharma, Eisai, Eli Lilly, GlaxoSmithKline, Janssen Pharmaceutical, Meiji-Seika Pharma, Mochida Pharmaceutical, Novartis Pharma , Otsuka Pharmaceutical, Pfizer, Shionogi, and Yoshitomi Yakuhin within the past two years.
Funding Information:
This work was presented in part at the 23rd Annual Meeting of the Japanese Society of Clinical Neuropsychopharmacology, Okinawa, Japan (October 24–26, 2013). This work is independent from any financial support.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2015 Elsevier Ireland Ltd.
Copyright:
Copyright 2020 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
PY - 2015/6/30
Y1 - 2015/6/30
N2 - The relationship between the Global Assessment of Functioning (GAF) with other scales in schizophrenia has rarely been investigated. A systematic literature search was conducted to identify articles that reported the GAF score together with scores in the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS), Clinical Global Impression (CGI) or Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale (BPRS), using MEDLINE, EMBASE and PsycINFO, with keywords of schizophrenia, clinical trial and global assessment of functioning (last search 30 June 2013). Correlational analyses with weighting by the study participant numbers across these rating scales were performed. In 40 clinical trials (. n=8000) that reported cross-sectional data on the GAF and PANSS, a significant but modest correlation was noted (Pearson[U+05F3]s r=-0.401, p<0.0001). Furthermore, a correlation between the GAF and CGI-severity (CGI-S) at study baseline in 38 studies ( n=11,315) was robust ( r=-0.893, p<0.0001). In longitudinal studies, changes in the GAF scores were negatively correlated with those in the PANSS as well as CGI-S scores ( p<0.0001 for both). Data on the BPRS were all statistically significant although relatively scarce. While optimal degree of concordance is undetermined among psychiatric scales that are presumed to be measuring different but overlapping constructs, this study found significant correlations in the GAF and CGI-S or PANSS, both cross-sectionally and longitudinally. The GAF-CGI-S relationship was especially tighter, making it a reliable clinical indicator.
AB - The relationship between the Global Assessment of Functioning (GAF) with other scales in schizophrenia has rarely been investigated. A systematic literature search was conducted to identify articles that reported the GAF score together with scores in the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS), Clinical Global Impression (CGI) or Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale (BPRS), using MEDLINE, EMBASE and PsycINFO, with keywords of schizophrenia, clinical trial and global assessment of functioning (last search 30 June 2013). Correlational analyses with weighting by the study participant numbers across these rating scales were performed. In 40 clinical trials (. n=8000) that reported cross-sectional data on the GAF and PANSS, a significant but modest correlation was noted (Pearson[U+05F3]s r=-0.401, p<0.0001). Furthermore, a correlation between the GAF and CGI-severity (CGI-S) at study baseline in 38 studies ( n=11,315) was robust ( r=-0.893, p<0.0001). In longitudinal studies, changes in the GAF scores were negatively correlated with those in the PANSS as well as CGI-S scores ( p<0.0001 for both). Data on the BPRS were all statistically significant although relatively scarce. While optimal degree of concordance is undetermined among psychiatric scales that are presumed to be measuring different but overlapping constructs, this study found significant correlations in the GAF and CGI-S or PANSS, both cross-sectionally and longitudinally. The GAF-CGI-S relationship was especially tighter, making it a reliable clinical indicator.
KW - Clinical global impression
KW - Global assessment of functioning
KW - Outcome
KW - Positive and negative syndrome scale
KW - Schizophrenia
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U2 - 10.1016/j.psychres.2015.02.024
DO - 10.1016/j.psychres.2015.02.024
M3 - Article
C2 - 25882098
AN - SCOPUS:84929134079
SN - 0165-1781
VL - 227
SP - 265
EP - 269
JO - Psychiatry Research
JF - Psychiatry Research
IS - 2-3
ER -
