TY - JOUR
T1 - The breath ammonia measurement of the hemodialysis with a QCM-NH 3 sensor
AU - Ishida, Hitoshi
AU - Satou, Toshio
AU - Tsuji, Kiichi
AU - Kawashima, Norimichi
AU - Takemura, Hideo
AU - Kosaki, Yasuhiro
AU - Shiratori, Seimei
AU - Agishi, Tetuzou
PY - 2008
Y1 - 2008
N2 - Recently, expired gases are analyzed non-invasively for monitoring the substances in the blood. Breath ammonia has been shown to correlate with BUN (blood urea nitrogen) and Cr (creatinine), both of which are indicators of solute removal in hemodialysis. In this study, breath ammonia concentration was continuously measured using a crystal oscillator QCM (quartz crystal microbalance) during the expiration of patients undergoing dialysis treatment. The results show that NH3 (ammonia) decreased gradually as the treatment proceeded. A strong correlation was observed between changes in the frequency of the QCM gas sensor and both the pre-dialysis BUN level (r=0.71, p<0.05) and the post-dialysis BUN level (r=0.90, p<0.05). NH3 was found to fall precipitously during dialysis. The differences were statistically significant. In addition, we found a statistically significant correlation between BUN and NH3 in expired gas. These results suggest that continuous measurement of NH3 is useful to assess the status of solute removal during hemodialysis.
AB - Recently, expired gases are analyzed non-invasively for monitoring the substances in the blood. Breath ammonia has been shown to correlate with BUN (blood urea nitrogen) and Cr (creatinine), both of which are indicators of solute removal in hemodialysis. In this study, breath ammonia concentration was continuously measured using a crystal oscillator QCM (quartz crystal microbalance) during the expiration of patients undergoing dialysis treatment. The results show that NH3 (ammonia) decreased gradually as the treatment proceeded. A strong correlation was observed between changes in the frequency of the QCM gas sensor and both the pre-dialysis BUN level (r=0.71, p<0.05) and the post-dialysis BUN level (r=0.90, p<0.05). NH3 was found to fall precipitously during dialysis. The differences were statistically significant. In addition, we found a statistically significant correlation between BUN and NH3 in expired gas. These results suggest that continuous measurement of NH3 is useful to assess the status of solute removal during hemodialysis.
KW - BUN
KW - Cr
KW - Expired gas
KW - Hemodialysis
KW - Non-invasive analysis
KW - QCM
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U2 - 10.3233/BME-2008-0513
DO - 10.3233/BME-2008-0513
M3 - Article
C2 - 18408261
AN - SCOPUS:46649105943
SN - 0959-2989
VL - 18
SP - 99
EP - 106
JO - Bio-Medical Materials and Engineering
JF - Bio-Medical Materials and Engineering
IS - 2
ER -