@article{79ba50c4e95345ddb7f7a891530b86be,
title = "Abrikosov-Nielsen-Olesen strings from the Coleman-Weinberg potential",
abstract = "We study properties of Abrikosov-Nielsen-Olesen (ANO) strings with the Coleman-Weinberg (CW) potential, which we call CW-ANO strings. While the scale-invariant scalar potential has a topologically trivial vacuum admitting no strings at the classical level, quantum correction allows topologically nontrivial vacua and stable string solutions. We find that the system of the CW potential exhibits significant difference from that of the conventional Abelian-Higgs model with the quadratic-quartic potential. While a single-winding string is qualitatively similar in both systems, and the static intervortex force between two strings at large distance is attractive/repulsive in the type-I/II regime for both, that between two CW-ANO strings exhibits a nontrivial structure. It develops an energy barrier between them at intermediate distance, implying that the string with winding number n>1 can constitute a metastable bound state even in the type-II regime. We name such a superconductor type-1.5¯. We also discuss implications to high-energy physics and cosmology.",
author = "Minoru Eto and Yu Hamada and Ryusuke Jinno and Muneto Nitta and Masatoshi Yamada",
note = "Funding Information: The authors would like to thank Kohei Fujikura for helpful comments. The work of M. E. and M. N. is supported in part by JSPS Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (KAKENHI Grant No. JP22H01221). The work of M. E. is supported in part by the JSPS Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research KAKENHI Grant No. JP19K03839 and the MEXT KAKENHI Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research on Innovative Areas “Discrete Geometric Analysis for Materials Design” No. JP17H06462 from the MEXT of Japan. The work of Y. H. is supported in part by the JSPS Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research KAKENHI Grant No. JP21J01117. The work of R. J. is supported by the grants IFT Centro de Excelencia Severo Ochoa No. SEV-2016-0597, No. CEX2020-001007-S, and by No. PID2019-110058GB-C22 funded by No. MCIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033 and by ERDF. The work of R. J. is supported by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft under Germany{\textquoteright}s Excellence Strategy No. –EXC 2121 “Quantum Universe”—390833306. The work of R. J. is supported by Grants-in-Aid for JSPS Overseas Research Fellow (No. 201960698). The work of M. N. is supported in part by JSPS Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (KAKENHI Grant No. JP18H01217). The work of M. Y. is supported by the DFG Collaborative Research Centre No. “SFB 1225 (ISOQUANT)”, Germany{\textquoteright}s Excellence Strategy No. EXC-2181/1-390900948 (the Heidelberg Excellence Cluster STRUCTURES) and the Alexander von Humboldt Foundation. Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2022 authors. Published by the American Physical Society. Published by the American Physical Society under the terms of the {"}https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/{"}Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International license. Further distribution of this work must maintain attribution to the author(s) and the published article's title, journal citation, and DOI. Funded by SCOAP3.",
year = "2022",
month = dec,
day = "1",
doi = "10.1103/PhysRevD.106.116002",
language = "English",
volume = "106",
journal = "Physical Review D",
issn = "2470-0010",
publisher = "American Physical Society",
number = "11",
}