Age-Stratified Risk of Carboplatin-Induced Nausea and Vomiting in Lung Cancer Patients

Introduction: Age has been reported as a risk factor for chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting. However, few reports have described risk factors for nausea and vomiting with carboplatin (CBDCA). This study investigated whether the incidence of CBDCA-induced nausea and vomiting differs with age, using 70 years as the cutoff. Methods: Patients who underwent CBDCA for lung cancer at the Cancer Institute Hospital of Japanese Foundation for Cancer Research between November 2020 and October 2023 were included in this retrospective study. The age cutoff was set at 70 years, with the complete response (CR; no vomiting/retching and no rescue medication) rate during the observation period as the endpoint. Results: Of the 198 patients included in the analysis, 114 (57.6%) were ≥70 years old. The CR rate was 36.9% for patients <70 years old and 61.4% for patients ≥70 years old (p = 0.001). In univariate analyses, age <70 years, female sex, no drinking history, no smoking history, and higher CBDCA dose were associated with non-CR. In multivariate analysis, age <70 years, no drinking history, and higher CBDCA dose were associated with non-CR. Conclusion: Age <70 years, no drinking history, and higher CBDCA dose were identified as risk factors for CBDCA-induced nausea and vomiting.