Case of adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma manifesting marked purpura

We present a case of a 62-year-old woman with marked purpura, first appearing on both legs, then spreading over the whole body, including the face. At presentation, the patient was thought to have Henoch-Schonlein purpura. However, a skin biopsy from a purpuric lesion revealed prominent infiltrations of atypical lymphocytes into the papillary dermis and marked extravasation of erythrocytes through the epidermis and upper dermis. Antibody to human T-lymphotropic virus type 1 (HTLV-1) was present in the serum and samples from skin lesions revealed HTLV-1 proviral DNA integration, as well as a clonal T-cell receptor Cβ1 gene rearrangement. We therefore diagnosed this case as adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATL), and the purpuric lesions as ATL-specific. Soon after the initiation of chemotherapy, these purpuric lesions began to resolve with pigmentation.