Differential effects of overexpressed glucokinase and hexokinase I in isolated islets: Evidence for functional segregation of the high and low Km enzymes

Thomas C. Becker, Richard J. Noel, John H. Johnson, Ronald M. Lynch, Hiroshi Hirose, Yoshiharu Tokuyama, Graeme I. Bell, Christopher B. Newgard

研究成果: Article査読

108 被引用数 (Scopus)

抄録

Glucose-stimulated insulin secretion is believed to require metabolism of the sugar via a high Km pathway in which glucokinase (hexokinase IV) is rate-limiting. In this study, we have used recombinant adenoviruses to overexpress the liver and islet isoforms of glucokinase as well as low Km hexokinase I in isolated rat islets of Langerhans. Glucose phosphorylating activity increased by up to 20-fold in extracts from islets treated with adenoviruses containing the cDNAs encoding either tissue isoform of glucokinase, but such cells exhibited no increase in 2- or 5-[3H]glucose usage, lactate production, glycogen content, or glucose oxidation. Furthermore, glucokinase overexpression enhanced insulin secretion in response to stimulatory glucose or glucose plus arginine by only 36-53% relative to control islets. In contrast to the minimal effects of overexpressed glucokinases, overexpression of hexokinase I caused a 2.5-4-fold enhancement in all metabolic parameters except glycogen content when measured at a basal glucose concentration (3 mM). Based on measurement of glucose phosphorylation in intact cells, overexpressed glucokinase is clearly active in a non-islet cell line (CV-1) but not within islet cells. That this result cannot be ascribed to the levels of glucokinase regulatory protein in islets is shown by direct measurement of its activity and mRNA. These data provide evidence for functional partitioning of glucokinase and hexokinase and suggest that overexpressed glucokinase must interact with factors found in limiting concentration in the islet cell in order to become activated and engage in productive metabolic signaling.

本文言語English
ページ(範囲)390-394
ページ数5
ジャーナルJournal of Biological Chemistry
271
1
DOI
出版ステータスPublished - 1996 1月 5
外部発表はい

ASJC Scopus subject areas

  • 生化学
  • 分子生物学
  • 細胞生物学

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