Efficient and equitable use of orbit by satellite systems: "Paper satellite" issues revisited

This article studies new version of "paper satellite" issues currently trying to be addressed mainly in the ITU and considers how the efficient and equitable use of geostationary satellite orbit could be ensured under the present international space law frameworks. First, the difficulty in resolving "papa satellite" problem is confirmed using the early example of Tongasat case. Then, The case of Zohrer-1 and Zoher-2 is explored as a leading case of present day "paper satellite" or even "phantom satellite" issue which takes advantage of some unclear provisions of Radio Regulations and the political settlement of radio interference problems. Concluding remarks involve a few recommendations to mitigate "paper satellite" problems which could involve other area of space law issues including the liability and space debris removal.