Feasibility study of a CO₂ emissions evaluation model and real-time metering system in households with EV and PV

Introducing electric vehicles (EVs) is an important option to reduce CO₂ emissions in the field of ITS. An EV can run without emitting CO₂, but there is a possibility that diffusion of EVs would increase CO₂ emissions if EVs are charged with carbon intensive electricity. In order to prevent such an adverse effect, we need to charge EVs using renewable energy-based electricity such as photovoltaic (PV). This paper proposes a CO₂ emissions evaluation model and real-time metering system to estimate how CO₂ emissions from EV can be reduced by PV power usage. The feasibility of this approach was field-tested in a household experiment.