Isolated recurrence of prostate cancer to the anterior urethra 5 years after radiation therapy

Introduction: Primary or metastatic urethral tumors are extremely rare. However, treatment strategies differ between primary and metastatic tumors. Therefore, establishing an accurate diagnosis is critically needed for initiating timely and appropriate therapy. Case presentation: We describe the case of a 79-year-old man with prostate cancer treated with radiotherapy and androgen deprivation therapy. He presented with macroscopic hematuria as a symptom of anterior urethral tumor at follow-up. Endoscopic tumor resection was performed. Hematoxylin and eosin staining showed adenocarcinoma component. Immunohistochemical staining revealed presence of metastatic prostate cancer to the urethra. Conclusion: Regarding urethral tumors diagnosis, urologists should consider the possibility of metastasis from prostate cancer and perform immunohistochemical examination for establishing accurate diagnosis. Furthermore, if androgen deprivation therapy fails to suppress symptoms, radiotherapy or urethrectomy might be considered.