Predictive factor and clinical consequence of left bundle-branch block after a transcatheter aortic valve implantation

Background Atrioventricular conduction disturbances can develop after transcatherter aortic valve implantations (TAVIs) with balloon-expandable valves because the conduction system exists adjacent to the aortic valve. However, the clinical consequence of patients with new onset conduction disturbances is not clear. Objective This study aimed to assess the incidence and progress of new-onset conduction disturbances following TAVIs and the cardiac function evaluated by echocardiography. Methods This study consisted of 90 consecutive patients that underwent TAVIs with Edwards SAPIEN XT valves in a single center. Atrioventricular conduction system disturbances were assessed by electrocardiography and echocardiography up to 6 months post TAVI. Results Twenty patients (22%) developed new onset complete left bundle branch block (CLBBB) or received pacemaker implantations (PMIs) during the follow-up. At 6 months after the procedure, 4 patients underwent PMIs for complete AV block (CAVB), and 4 patients had persistent CLBBB. Those that developed CLBBB and AVB had a higher morbidity from hypertension and lower estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR). The ECG, TTE, and CT parameters did not differ between the two groups. The ratio of the valve and LVOT area was significantly associated with a higher cumulative risk of events (HR, 3.005; 95% CI, 1.034–8.736; P < 0.05). Conclusions Up to 20% of patients developed new CLBBB or CAVB and more than half were expected to recover. However, it required attention because approximately 40% were persistent. The ratio of the valve to LVOT area was an independent predictor.