Preparation of liponanocapsules via construction of bio-derived capsule wall on a liposomal template

We prepared bioderived nanocapsules, liponanocapsules, based on the concept of layer-by-layer assembly of polyelectrolytes over a liposomal template. This approach allowed diverse selection of polymers, ranging from synthetic polymers to bioderived polymers such as polypeptides, polysaccharides and DNA. The resultant liponanocapsules exhibited excellent properties including mechanical robustness, controlled release of substances and enhanced cell membrane permeability. Furthermore, we presented a novel strategy for generating hybrid nanocapsules via mineralization of calcium phosphate on the surface of liponanocapsules. The obtained liponanocapsules were assembled into a freestanding colloidal membrane via drying-mediated assembly of nanocapsules. Then, they were further crosslinked by mineralization of calcium phosphate to impart them functional properties such as mechanical robustness and sustained release of substances. Such a hierarchical structure is advantageous in its use as a bioscaffold for drug delivery and tissue regeneration. In summary, the liponanocapsule is a designable material and holds great potential in its use in a variety of fields, especially cosmetics and pharmaceutics.